{"id":1008,"date":"2025-05-29T09:55:30","date_gmt":"2025-05-29T09:55:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/http:\/\/chempharco.com\/2025\/05\/29\/nguyen-lieu-caramel-color-ccl-253\/"},"modified":"2026-09-28T20:41:30","modified_gmt":"2026-09-28T13:41:30","slug":"nguyen-lieu-caramel-color-ccl-253","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cpc1.vn\/en\/nguyen-lieu-caramel-color-ccl-253\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00e0u caramel (INS 150a\u2013d): b\u1ed1n nh\u00f3m caramel, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 class=\"kt-tieu-de\">M\u00e0u caramel (INS 150a\u2013d): b\u1ed1n nh\u00f3m caramel, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/h1>\n<p><strong>M\u00e0u caramel<\/strong> l\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0u n\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch <strong>\u0111un n\u00f3ng c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong> (glucose, sucrose, siro tinh b\u1ed9t\u2026), c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh theo kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u00f3 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt c\u00f3 ga lo\u1ea1i cola, n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u01a1ng, bia \u0111en, b\u00e1nh k\u1eb9o, r\u01b0\u1ee3u m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n<h2>B\u1ed1n nh\u00f3m m\u00e0u caramel<\/h2>\n<p>T\u00f9y ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c d\u00f9ng khi n\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u00e0u caramel \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n nh\u00f3m, m\u1ed7i nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 m\u00e3 INS ri\u00eang:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>INS 150a \u2013 Nh\u00f3m I<\/td>\n<td>Caramel th\u01b0\u1eddng (plain caramel): ch\u1ec9 \u0111un \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00eam acid ho\u1eb7c ki\u1ec1m, kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t amoni hay sulfit<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>INS 150b \u2013 Nh\u00f3m II<\/td>\n<td>Caramel sulfit: c\u00f3 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t sulfit, kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng amoni<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>INS 150c \u2013 Nh\u00f3m III<\/td>\n<td>Caramel amoni: c\u00f3 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t amoni, kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng sulfit<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>INS 150d \u2013 Nh\u00f3m IV<\/td>\n<td>Caramel amoni sulfit: c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 amoni v\u00e0 sulfit<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng khi ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0110i\u1ec7n t\u00edch h\u1ea1t keo<\/strong>: m\u1ed7i nh\u00f3m cho h\u1ea1t keo mang \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau (nh\u00f3m III th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u00f3m IV \u00e2m m\u1ea1nh). Ch\u1ecdn sai \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch so v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng acid ch\u1ee9a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n mang \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00e1i d\u1ea5u) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y <strong>k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a, v\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ee5c<\/strong>. Nh\u00f3m IV b\u1ec1n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt c\u00f3 ga acid; nh\u00f3m III ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u01a1ng, bia.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0u<\/strong> v\u00e0 s\u1eafc (n\u00e2u v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e2u \u0111en) kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t; th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 quang \u1edf 610 nm.<\/li>\n<li>Caramel d\u1ea1ng l\u1ecfng (siro \u0111\u1eb7c) ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9t; tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u00edt m\u00f9i v\u1ecb \u1edf m\u1ee9c d\u00f9ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>An to\u00e0n<\/h2>\n<p>Caramel nh\u00f3m III v\u00e0 IV c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ebft <strong>4-methylimidazol (4-MEI)<\/strong> h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh khi n\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi amoni. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n JECFA, EU v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eb7t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n 4-MEI trong nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u. JECFA \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t ADI cho t\u1eebng nh\u00f3m m\u00e0u caramel; nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00ean y\u00eau c\u1ea7u COA c\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau 4-MEI khi d\u00f9ng nh\u00f3m III, IV.<\/p>\n<h2>T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00fd<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/strong>: c\u1ea3 b\u1ed1n nh\u00f3m caramen (INS 150a, 150b, 150c, 150d) c\u00f3 trong danh m\u1ee5c ph\u1ee5 gia ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p theo Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 24\/2019\/TT-BYT; m\u1ee9c d\u00f9ng theo t\u1eebng nh\u00f3m th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m tra trong ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Wikipedia \u2013 Caramel color \u2014 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Caramel_color\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Caramel_color<\/a><\/li>\n<li>B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf \u2013 Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 24\/2019\/TT-BYT v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 gia th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c 1 \u2014 <a href=\"https:\/\/vfa.gov.vn\/van-ban\/thong-tu-so-242019tt-byt-quy-dinh-ve-quan-ly-va-su-dung-phu-gia-thuc-pham.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/vfa.gov.vn\/van-ban\/thong-tu-so-242019tt-byt-quy-dinh-ve-quan-ly-va-su-dung-phu-gia-thuc-pham.html<\/a><\/li>\n<li>JECFA (FAO\/WHO) \u2013 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ph\u1ee5 gia th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u2014 <a href=\"https:\/\/apps.who.int\/food-additives-contaminants-jecfa-database\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/apps.who.int\/food-additives-contaminants-jecfa-database\/<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c chung v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t\/nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u, t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n c\u00f4ng khai n\u00eau tr\u00ean. N\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd hay chuy\u00ean gia y t\u1ebf. C\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m thu\u1ed1c n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft. Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u2014 lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu v\u0103n b\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>M\u00e0u caramel (INS 150a\u2013d): b\u1ed1n nh\u00f3m caramel, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh M\u00e0u caramel l\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0u n\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111un n\u00f3ng c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng (glucose, sucrose, siro tinh b\u1ed9t\u2026), c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh theo [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2856,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[121],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1008","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kien-thuc"],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":8}},"acf":[],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/cpc1.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/caramel.png",1200,675,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/cpc1.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/caramel-150x150.png",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/cpc1.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/caramel-300x169.png",300,169,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/cpc1.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/caramel-768x432.png",768,432,true],"large":["https:\/\/cpc1.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/caramel-1024x576.png",1024,576,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/cpc1.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/caramel.png",1200,675,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/cpc1.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/caramel.png",1200,675,false],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/cpc1.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/caramel-18x10.png",18,10,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"cpc1vn","author_link":"https:\/\/cpc1.vn\/en\/author\/cpc1vn\/"},"uagb_comment_info":1,"uagb_excerpt":"M\u00e0u caramel (INS 150a\u2013d): b\u1ed1n nh\u00f3m caramel, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh M\u00e0u caramel l\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0u n\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111un n\u00f3ng c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng (glucose, sucrose, siro tinh b\u1ed9t\u2026), c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh theo&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cpc1.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1008","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cpc1.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cpc1.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cpc1.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cpc1.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1008"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/cpc1.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1008\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2987,"href":"https:\/\/cpc1.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1008\/revisions\/2987"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cpc1.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2856"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cpc1.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1008"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cpc1.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1008"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cpc1.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1008"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}